Improvement in brick-kilns



THALES L-lN'nsLEY. Improvement in Brick Klns. "sheetsnsheew, N0. 120,202, 4 Patented 001424,1871.

AM PHaro-urHaMAM/c ca. y asaower Mauss-J THALES LINDSLEY.

Improvement in Brick Kilns.

No.Y 120,202.

Paiemed 061.211.1871.-

TES

THALES LINDSLEY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 120,202, dated October 24, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THALES LINDsLEY, of the city, county, and State New York, have invented a new and Improved Kiln for Water-Smoking, Burning, and Cooling Bricks, Tiles, &c., ofwhich I declare the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specication.

The nature of the invention is expressed and embodied in a kiln possessing the following properties, viz: First, selflfeeding furnaces for the consumption of fuel; second, complete combustion of the carbon and iniammable gases from the grates; third, use of hot or cold air, or both, in eifecting it at pleasure; fourth, making the quantity of draught, its direction, diversion, or consolidation, at the will of the operator 5 fifth, heating the kiln in sections, and making its operations continuous sixth, burning' and watersmoking its charge from the top downward, and cooling same in similar or reverse manner; seventh, uniform diffusion of hot or cold air, when in operation, as required 5 eighth, utilizing the heat given off from burning chambers by-conveying same to where required in other localities in the kiln; ninth, burning, Ste., uniformly, and thereby avoiding waste; tenth, forming the lues in and out of the walls; eleventh, a system of retaining buttresses 5 twelfth, renderingthe operation ofthe several compartments independent or reciprocal, at will.

Sheetl, of the drawingaccompanyingandforming part of this specification, represents a six chambered kiln in perspective with buttresses IL h', door-ways k, chimney p, fuel-bins S, with close scuttles S', furnace doors o, ash-pits g, and entrance to cold-"tir liues w. Sheet 2, No. l, shows the upper floor of a kiln-chamber, made of tiles a, resting on stringers of tile b in No.2. with perforations a for ingress or egress of hot or cold air, as required. The passages between the longitudinal stringers b, as shown in cross-section, at lower left-hand corner of drawing, as also the semi-cylindrical openings through each of the sleepers, which together form the longitudinal stringers, shown in sectional drawing at lower right-hand corner, together form inter-communicating flues for uniformly diversifying the hot or cold air required in burning, water-smoking,

or cooling, respectively. No. 3, same sheet, together with sections F E and G H, shows the second or middle floor, composed of tiles c resting on stringers el in N o. 5, between which stringers d are passages d, similar to the above, for diversifying hot or cold air, and continuous cold air-passages c, in N o. 5, and section G H, for purpose of conveying cold-air draught through the furnace-fines f,- thence up through furnace and into kiln-chamber. No. 4 is the foundation iioor. No. 6 shows a different arrangement of the stringers of floors, leaving similar passages, Ste., readily understood. In the general iigure, c and 0 represent cold-air flues from openings c at W, communicating with fire-dues f, vertical lines j", base of smoke-stack K, with passageways k and 7c', abutments, ash-pits, 85e., and kilnchambers l 2 3 4 5 6. Sheet 3 shows a vertical section on A B of Sheet 2, at top, and vertical section on (l D of Sheet 2, at bottom. In the upper figure I represents the chambers; S the cycloidal section of fuel-bin; S, the grate-bars in continuation of same curve; throat T for feeding fuel 5 close top-scuttle S iire-liues w,- ash-pit g, with cover; furnace-doors o,- cold air-dues 0',- transverse fines O, &c. The small sections` at right represent a simple cover for flue openings, made air-tight. Similar left-hand sections represent a damper for cutting off the draught through any iiue. Q is top view of cover. Q is a view of the opening, showin g the cylin drical Hange-cup 4 to be partly iilled with sand. Q is the blade of the damper, showing the hanged top 2 3, flange-cup 4. In lower figure, Z is the man-hole in bottom of chimney. O O transverse lues, Ste.; f', vertical flues; n', openings into the passages under top iioors; off/,cold air nues;` k arched passageway under chimney. Sheet 4, view of general construction of the triple walls used throughout the structure 5 system of horizontal nues, O O O, 85o.; vertical uesj", &c. Sheet shows the top of the structure with air-ports W, and openings of different vertical flues and eye-ports, which are supplied with covers, and can be opened or closed, as required, to regulate the draught or change its direction. Sheet 6 is a ground-pl an of kiln, showing system of horizontal cold-air dues.

Where the hot-air dues pass under the oor of a furnace, adjacent to the foundation licor, as at c of No. 5, in Sheet 2, they are packed on outside with non-conducting material. In the domes of the chambers the inner and outer divisions of the triple wall, of which they are composed, are solid and compact, but the middle division is formed of stringers of brick laid transversely and on edge, placed the length of a brick apart, measured from middle to middle, thus leaving a series of transverse air-cells as long as the breadth of the chamber. Being confined closely, andbeing an excellent non-conductor of heat, these air-cells serve the purpose of two or three layers of brick. Triple walls are used throughout this structure, the inner and outer divisions of which are pierced when necessary to form passage-Ways for doors, ilues, 86o., and the middle division being the medium containing all the horizontal and vertical fines embraced in the body-walls ofthe structure. Bricks and refractory stone and iron are the constituents of the building materials.

The mode of operating such a kiln as that hereinafter described will suggest itself to any one skilled in the art to which it appertains, and with the drawing itself. The description of same and the following claims will be all that is necessary to clearly distinguish and characterize my invention. It should be noticed, however, that the method of arranging the fines and dampers, herein shown, admits of so governing' the efflux of air, hot or cold, from one passage that it may be made to traverse each of the other passages in the same or inverse order, and is therefore utilized in drying or water-smoking other compartments; and the drawing must not be understood as limiting the number of air-ports, dampers, and vents, which may be of any number desired.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A Water-smokin g, burnin g, and cooling-kiln, having the constituent parts herein described and shown, disposed with respect vto each other, substantially as described, and performing severally and co-operatively, substantially the functions set forth.

2. A kiln-chamber, l, in Sheet 3, in which the upper half of the fire-flue and the bars of the firegrate are arranged on a cycloid curve, said grate being provided With hinge and latch, all substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with the fire-grate S", of the fuel-bin S provided with the close-scuttle S', throat T, and throttle-valve, all constructed and arranged substantially as herein shown.

4. A system of triple walls used throughout the entire structure, the middle division of which being provided with the system of horizontal and vertical hot-and-cold-air passages o c c, 8vo., O O, &c., j'ff", &c.-the outer and inner divisions provided with the slots and apertures a', Suc., for passage-ways or flues, all arranged and operated substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of the triple walls and buttresses, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. A centrally-located smoke-stack provided with an independent foundation, certain ports, a man-hole in bottom of smoke-stack flue, and a groined arch, double passage-way, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The arrangement of horizontal and vertical hot and coldair-ilues O O 0 O, e c,&c., ff f", Src., c', 85o., provided with dampers Q n 00, &c.

S. 'lhe arrangement, with relation to the kiln and furnace and cold-air fines, of the ash-pits provided with the air-tight cover, substantially as described and shown.

9. Combination of perforated oors a, solid door c, and interposed system of sleepers, stringers, and ilues, substantially as shown and described.

10. The liuc-damper provided with the annularange-seat and blade, as shown and described.

1l. A kiln-chamber, combining the several parts above described, constructed and operating as set forth.

THALES LINDSLEY.

J M. BENsoN. (20) 

